Femoral nerve catheters were placed under ultrasound guidance and dosed with 10-20 mL of lidocaine 2% or bupivacaine 0.25%. The nerve block catheters were infused with a solution of 0.1% bupivacaine at a rate of 6 mL/hr with a 4 mL bolus every 30 minutes. Initially, the femoral nerve block catheters remained in place until day 2 (POD#2) to ...01/01/2020. R3. The billing and coding article for the Nerve Blockade for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Neuropathy Policy Local Coverage Determination (LCD) is revised to add CPT code 64451, effective January 1, 2020. The following CPT code descriptors were changed in group 1: 64405, 64408, 64415, 64417, 64418, 64420, 64421, 64425, 64430, 64435 ...In contrast, the erector spinae is a group of muscles and tendons extending the length, and on both sides, of the spine. It is not a separately identified spinal nerve or branch. Therefore, code 64999, Unlisted procedure, nervous system, would be the most appropriate code to report for this type of procedure, as stated in the January 2018 issue ...Step by step. Here's how to administer an iPACK block: Have the patient in the prone position. Scan with the ultrasound probe in the popliteal fossa, just proximal to the crease, so you find the femoral condyles. From there, move proximal until you can see the shaft of the femur and the popliteal artery.Apr 4, 2022 · Learn how to code nerve blocks for different purposes and scenarios, such as trigger finger release, post-operative pain management, or anesthesia. Find out the CPT-4 codes for IPACK block (infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee) and other types of nerve blocks. See examples, tips, and FAQs from a coding expert. This review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing analgesic outcomes after inclusion of local anesthetic infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK) block versus pathways without iPACK. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus) were searched from inception to 10/11/2020. Based on Medicare rules, regulations, and National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) edits, CPT codes 64400-64530 (Peripheral nerve blocks-bolus injection or continuous infusion) may be reported on the date of surgery if performed for post-operative pain management only if the operative anesthesia is general anesthesia, subarachnoid injection or ...01/01/2020. R2. The billing and coding article for the Nerve Blockade for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Neuropathy Policy Local Coverage Determination (LCD) is revised to add CPT code 64451, effective January 1, 2020. The following CPT code descriptors were changed in group 1: 64405, 64408, 64415, 64417, 64418, 64420, 64421, 64425, 64430, 64435 ...Not sure if this helps, but Aetna requires IPACK blocks to be billed with 64450. If you’re billing 64999, that could be the reason for the denial. At least for Aetna cases. Same. ESP and TAP, best way to see efficacy is to do it in PACU when the patient is in pain.The pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) is a regional anesthetic technique described in 2018, developed primarily in total hip arthroplasties (THA) for postoperative analgesia with motor sparing benefits. The block is thought to provide more complete analgesia to the hip by depositing local anesthetic within the myofascial plane of the psoas muscle and superior pubic ramus.[1] Furthermore ...For the iPACK block, a high-frequency ultrasound transducer was used to visualize the popliteal artery and posterior surface of the distal femoral shaft after adductor canal catheter insertion. Using an in-plane approach, a 20-gauge Tuohy needle was inserted from medial to lateral to position the needle tip between the popliteal artery and ...Based on Medicare rules, regulations, and National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) edits, CPT codes 64400-64530 (Peripheral nerve blocks-bolus injection or continuous infusion) may be reported on the date of surgery if performed for post-operative pain management only if the operative anesthesia is general anesthesia, subarachnoid injection or ...CPT Code 64446, Introduction/Injection of Anesthetic Agent (Nerve Block), Diagnostic or Therapeutic Procedures on the Extracranial Nerves, Peripheral . Select. ... Clarifying the Coding for Genicular Nerve Blocks Versus IPACK... [ Read More ] UHC MCR Anesthesia Nerve Block Modifier.A novel nerve block technique described by Sanjay Sinha, MD, from Hartford, CT, is an ultrasound (US)-guided local anesthetic injection between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (IPACK).17 By targeting only the terminal branches of the sciatic nerve, the IPACK block provides an alternative for decreasingThe IPACK block is a muscle strength-sparing technique that consists of an infiltration of local anesthetic into the interspace between the popliteal artery and the posterior capsule of the knee meant to be used as an alternative analgesic supplement to the femoral or adductor canal blocks to cover the posterior knee pain. This technique was ...In the past, CPT code 64421, intercostal nerve block, multiple was a stand-alone code reported when more than one intercostal level was injected. The 2020 CPT …Background: A combination of motor-sparing analgesia with local infiltration analgesia (LIA) and continuous adductor canal block (CACB) may improve postoperative pain and functional recovery for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that the addition of a novel technique for posterior knee block, known as the infiltration between the popliteal …In iPACK block, 15-20 ml of local anesthetic is deposited under ultrasound guidance in tissue plane femoral artery and posterior aspect of the capsule of the knee joint. The main advantage of iPACK block is that it is a muscle strength sparing block and doesn't result in foot drop or loss of sensorimotor function of leg and foot.Purpose The infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee (iPACK) has been described to provide analgesia without loss of muscle strength and is effective in functional recovery. This study compared iPACK + ACB (adductor canal block) with PAI (periarticular infiltration) + ACB and ACB alone in terms …Ultrasound-guided iPACK block mainly targets the terminal branches of the popliteal nerve plexus, which directly supply the posterior capsule of the knee. 25 In 2 different studies, Kampitak et al 2,25 discussed the optimal location of the motor-sparing effect of iPACK block and its related complications. In this study, we performed the …The time to first rescue analgesia in the adductor canal block was 7.92 ± 0.44, while the adductor canal block with the IPACK block group was 9.73 ± 0.63. Thobhani et al. ( 2015 ) found that IPACK decreased opioid consumption in patients with arthroplasty of the knee, providing effective supplemental analgesia compared to blocking the knee ...01/01/2020. R2. The billing and coding article for the Nerve Blockade for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Neuropathy Policy Local Coverage Determination (LCD) is revised to add CPT code 64451, effective January 1, 2020. The following CPT code descriptors were changed in group 1: 64405, 64408, 64415, 64417, 64418, 64420, …IPACK block: CPT codes covered if selection criteria are met: IPACK block – no specific code: Other CPT codes related to the CPB: 27447: Arthroplasty, knee, condyle and plateau; medial AND lateral compartments with or without patella resurfacing (total knee arthroplasty) 27570Four codes in the CPT code set describe transversus abdominis plane (TAP block): 64486- 64489. Codes 64486 and 64487 are used to report a unilateral TAP block. Codes 64488 and 64489 are reported for the administration of a bilateral TAP block. These codes distinguish injection (64486, 64488) from continuous infusion (64487, 64489).(ACB) are appropriate blocks for total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, neither provides posterior knee analgesia, which may lead to inadequate pain control in patients that do not receive a supplemental block to control posterior knee pain. The Infiltration between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Knee (iPACK) block was introduced ...Sciatic nerve single-injection block/catheter; this code encompasses high sciatic and popliteal sciatic blocks: 64445/64446 Lumbar plexus catheter: 64449 Other peripheral nerve block: 64450 Unlisted procedure; this CPT is used for Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee (iPACK) block: 64999The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT ®) code 64447 as maintained by American Medical Association, is a medical procedural code under the range - Introduction/Injection of Anesthetic Agent (Nerve Block), Diagnostic or Therapeutic Procedures on the Somatic Nerves.Results. There are fourteen eligible studies for our meta-analysis. There are significant differences between the two groups in VAS score at rest and with activity, and the VAS scores were lower in the ACB + iPACK Group (VAS scores at rest: 95%CI [− 0.96, − 0.53], P < 0.00001. The iPACK block was first introduced by Dr. Sanjay Sinha. The acronym iPACK stands for i nfiltration between p opliteal a rtery and c apsule of the k nee. The block is performed by anesthesiologists under ultrasound guidance to provide pain relief to the posterior aspect of the knee after TKA by blocking the articular branches of the tibial ... Results: Post-implementation, 48/50 (96%) of TKA patients received an IPACK block, and they were compared with 32 patients in the PRE group. On POD 0, the lowest pain score (median [10th-90th percentiles]) was significantly lower for the POST group compared to the PRE group (0 [0-4.3] vs. 2.5 [0-7]; P = 0.003). Objectives: To evaluate the combination of the infiltration between the popliteal artery and the posterior capsule of the knee (iPACK) block and single adductor canal block (SACB) versus SACB for motor-sparing knee analgesia effects after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and other databases were searched from …Question: Do you know which CPT ® code we should use for a PENG block? Ohio Subscriber. Answer: There are two scenarios in which a provider might use a PENG (pericapsular nerve group) block — and you code them differently. Scenario 1: The provider administers a PENG block to the femoral and obturator nerve pericapsular branches to … The iPACK block was first introduced by Dr. Sanjay Sinha. The acronym iPACK stands for i nfiltration between p opliteal a rtery and c apsule of the k nee. The block is performed by anesthesiologists under ultrasound guidance to provide pain relief to the posterior aspect of the knee after TKA by blocking the articular branches of the tibial ... Ping This Code for PENG Blocks. Published on Fri Aug 05, 2022. Question: Do you know which CPT® code we should use for a PENG block? Ohio Subscriber. Answer: There are two scenarios in which a provider might use a PENG (pericapsular nerve group) block — and you code them differently. Scenario 1: The provider administers a PENG block to the ...The hospital stay was also shorter in the iPACK group than in the TNB group. Considering early mobilization and earlier discharge, iPACK block may be a preferred motor-sparing alternative to TNB with a lower incidence of foot drop and an increased likelihood. Drop foot was observed in 2 of 411 patients who underwent iPACK …On a CPT ® code's hierarchy page, ... [QUOTE="ramoscenter , post: 515059, member: 215143"] I have a question. Can you bill 64461 for Erector Spinae Nerve Block instead of 64999. I am having trouble getting 64999 paid. [/QUOTE] Check the p... [ Read More ] ... IPACK is billed under the "unlisted" code - 64999 and it is billable. ...Infiltration between popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) is a novel technique that can provide additional analgesic relief, although there are no studies to date in the adolescent population. In 3 adolescent patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament surgery, IPACK block augmented c …HSS has included the iPACK block as a standard of care for total knee arthroplasty and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty pathways based on evidence of improved analgesia. “We are convinced that the iPACK block has added value to our already robust multimodal total knee arthroplasty pathway,” said Dr. Kim. “What we have found in our ...The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT ®) code 64454 as maintained by American Medical Association, is a medical procedural code under the range - Introduction/Injection of Anesthetic Agent (Nerve Block), Diagnostic or Therapeutic Procedures on the Somatic Nerves.Background Several studies have suggested that the addition of iPACK block (the popliteal artery and the posterior knee capsule have been given interspace local anesthetic infiltration) might get better analgesia than adductor canal block (ACB) only after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This paper compiles all available evidence on the effect of two analgesia regimens (ACB and iPACK + ACB ...incidence of posterior knee pain (39%) in the IPACK group when compared with controls (8.7%), p<0.01. In terms of opioid consumption and a majority of functional outcomes, our study demonstrates no overall benefits of addingan IPACK block in this ERAS pathway in TKA. Nevertheless, IPACK may have the potential of mitigating posterior knee pain ...CPT code 97110 provides information about medical procedures and services to payers and indicate that the procedure involves therapeutic exercises that develop endurance, range of ...IPACK block: CPT codes covered if selection criteria are met: IPACK block – no specific code: Other CPT codes related to the CPB: 27447: Arthroplasty, knee, condyle and plateau; medial AND lateral compartments with or without patella resurfacing (total knee arthroplasty) 27570The iPACK block stands for "I njection between the P opliteal A rtery and posterior C ompartment of the K nee" and provides a sensory block specifically to the posterior …Paravertebral block – 64461-64463 Piriformis muscle – 20552 Popliteal block – 64445 Saphenous block – 64447-64448 Sphenopalatine Ganglion – 64505 TAP (Transverse Abdominis Plane block – 64486-64489. Nerve Block procedures reported with 64999 Unlisted procedure, nervous system. Erector Spinae Plane block Ganglion Impar …It is appropriate to bill CPT code 64999 when a provider performs a procedure on the nervous system that does not have a specific CPT code. The provider should not choose a code that merely approximates the service provided. Instead, they should use the unlisted procedure code 64999 and provide supporting documentation to justify the claim. 6.Background: A combination of motor-sparing analgesia with local infiltration analgesia (LIA) and continuous adductor canal block (CACB) may improve postoperative pain and functional recovery for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that the addition of a novel technique for posterior knee block, known as the infiltration between the popliteal …Billing and Coding articles provide guidance for the related Local Coverage Determination (LCD) and assist providers in submitting correct claims for payment. Billing and Coding articles typically include CPT/HCPCS procedure codes, ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes, as well as Bill Type, Revenue, and CPT/HCPCS Modifier codes.The femoral nerve block (one of the most common nerve blocks, according to a recent ABC client survey) is coded with CPT code 64447 for a single injection and 64448 for a catheter insertion.Comparison of adductor canal block and IPACK block (interspace between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee) with adductor canal block alone after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective control trial on pain and knee function in immediate postoperative period. Sankineani SR, Reddy ARC, Eachempati KK, Jangale …The nerves targeted in a PENG block are the pain-sensing nerves of the anterior capsule of the hip joint, with some extension to the obturator nerve making this an effective block for femoral neck fractures, intertrochanteric femoral fractures, pubic ramus fractures, acetabular fractures and hip dislocations. 1,4 These terminal nerve fibers do ...Whether it’s your annoying ex, a persistent telemarketer orDuring the winter months, your crawlspace can be a source of cold floors and lost heat, but blocking your vents may not always be the best way to compensate for this. Learn more ab...In iPACK block, 15-20 ml of local anesthetic is deposited under ultrasound guidance in tissue plane femoral artery and posterior aspect of the capsule of the knee joint. The main advantage of iPACK block is that it is a muscle strength sparing block and doesn't result in foot drop or loss of sensorimotor function of leg and foot. Specific coding or payment-related issues should be directed to the payer. For information about this FAQ/Pearl, or to provide feedback, please contact David A. McKenzie, ACEP Reimbursement Director, at (469) 499-0133 or [email protected] . Nerve Blocks (Digital, Dental, Peripheral, etc.) FAQ. Results. Post-implementation, 48/50 (96%) of TKA patients received an IPACK block, and they were compared with 32 patients in the PRE group. On POD 0, the lowest pain score (median [10th–90th percentiles]) was significantly lower for the POST group compared to the PRE group (0 [0–4.3] vs. 2.5 [0–7]; P = 0.003).The American Medical Association and the American Hospital Association agree: Practices should report the Infiltration between the Popliteal artery and Capsule …In looking at Local Coverage Article A55584, it states "Noridian is issuing coding guidance for billing the use of Dolor Technologies SphenoCath (R) device or OTHER SIMILAR DELIVERY DEVICES. To bill for these devices use CPT (R) 64999 as described in CPT Assistant (July 2014, Volume 24, Issue 7, pages 8-9). Is it fair to …Aug 12, 2022 · Results. There are fourteen eligible studies for our meta-analysis. There are significant differences between the two groups in VAS score at rest and with activity, and the VAS scores were lower in the ACB + iPACK Group (VAS scores at rest: 95%CI [− 0.96, − 0.53], P < 0.00001. The absence of significant motor block is the reason for choosing the iPACK over the popliteal sciatic nerve block. Simply stated, patients can undergo physical therapy sooner with an iPACK block. As seen in image 1 the medial and lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, the sartorius muscle, biceps muscle along with the femoral condyles may ...All subjects also received 15 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine HCl via an infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK) block. The study’s primary endpoint was the area under the curve, or AUC, of the Numerical Rating Scale pain intensity scores from 0 to 96 hours post-surgery comparing Exparel to bupivacaine HCl.For the iPACK block, a high-frequency ultrasound transducer was used to visualize the popliteal artery and posterior surface of the distal femoral shaft after adductor canal catheter insertion. Using an in-plane approach, a 20-gauge Tuohy needle was inserted from medial to lateral to position the needle tip between the popliteal artery and ...Not sure if this helps, but Aetna requires IPACK blocks to be billed with 64450. If you’re billing 64999, that could be the reason for the denial. At least for Aetna cases. Same. ESP and TAP, best way to see efficacy is to do it in PACU when the patient is in pain.The IPACK block is directed at a tissue plane, not at a specific nerve. Currently, there is no specific CPT code to report an IPACK block. Therefore, code 64999, Unlisted procedure, nervous system, should be reported.Background and objective: An ultrasound-guided anesthetic technique targeting the interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee (iPACK) can provide posterior knee analgesia with preserved motor function after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study compared the peroneal nerve motor-sparing effects of iPACK block …The innervation of the knee and blocks that are effective for post-op pain control; How ultrasound is used to visualize the optimal site for IPACK (Interspace Between the Popliteal Artery and Posterior Capsule of the …l artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) block is a promising emerging analgesic technique. Objective: To describe analgesic control, opioid consumption, and mobility of patients scheduled for TKA using IPACK block as adjunct analgesic to the femoral block. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study over a 6-month period …Nov 1, 2016 · Denver, CO. Best answers. 0. Mar 24, 2020. #4. According to the AMA, because the IPACK block is directed as a tissue plane (not at a specific nerve) and blocks several nerves, it is coded to unlisted code 64999 Unlisted procedure, nervous system. combined ACB-IPACK block at the end of surgery. ACB was performed using 20 mL bupivacaine 0.25% in both groups, while IPACK block using 30 mL bupivacaine 0.25% was added in the ACB-IPACK group only. Visual analog scale (VAS) was evaluated at rest and with 45° knee flexion at 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively.Indications: Analgesia after knee arthroplasty, cruciate ligament repair, and procedures involving the posterior aspect of the knee. Goal: Local anesthetic infiltration over the posterior aspect of the femur underneath the popliteal artery. Local anesthetic volume: 15 to 20 mL. The iPACK block was first introduced by Dr. Sanjay Sinha. The acronym iPACK stands for i nfiltration between p opliteal a rtery and c apsule of the k nee. The block is performed by anesthesiologists under ultrasound guidance to provide pain relief to the posterior aspect of the knee after TKA by blocking the articular branches of the tibial ... Background: Several studies have suggested that the addition of iPACK block (the popliteal artery and the posterior knee capsule have been given interspace local anesthetic infiltration) might get better analgesia than adductor canal block (ACB) only after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This paper compiles all available evidence on the effect of …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.In this video we discuss the rationale, anatomy, sonoanatomy, technique and tips and tricks for performing the iPACK blockJul 11, 2013. #3. In Mass, BCBS - has specific policy to how Unlisted Codes must be appealed. The initial claim will deny with various denial messages 'other CPT available' 'unproven' 'lacks medical necessity', etc. Op Notes and a letter explaining why you have chosen an unlisted code over an established CPT code (ie - Lap vs. Open procedure, etc).Planar Block Reporting in the CPT Code Set For the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) 2015 code set, four codes (64486-64489) were established for the administration of local anesthetic for postoperative pain control and abdominal wall analgesia. These codes describe certain fascial plane blocks, such as the transversus abdominis plane (TAP ...The IPACK block is used to anaesthetise articular branches of the posterior part of the knee while sparing motor branches. Local infiltration analgesia is another motor-sparing technique but is performed by the surgeon in 3 different stages during the surgery, aiming to cover the anterior and posterior parts of the knee.Use this page to view details for the Local Coverage Article for Billing and Coding: Nerve Blocks for Peripheral Neuropathy. ... Posted 01/26/2023 Under CPT/HCPCS Codes Group 2 Codes CPT code 76882 had a description change. This revision is due to the Annual 2023/Q1 CPT/HCPCS Code Update and is effective …
The American Medical Association and the American Hospital Association agree: Practices should report the Infiltration between the Popliteal artery and Capsule …. Piedmont physicians of sharpsburg
How to Make Wooden Blocks - Building blocks are a great toy for kids, and you can make a unique set that will be used and treasured for years. Learn how in this article. Advertisem...Background The infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (IPACK) block has been described as an alternative analgesic strategy for knee pain. Objective Our aim was to perform a narrative review to examine the place and value that the IPACK block has in comparison to and in conjunction with other regional anesthesia modalities. Evidence review Following an extensive ...Thanks to interlocking, stackable blocks, this project can be completed in a weekend. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Latest View All Guides Latest View All Radio Show ...The iPACK block is a motor-sparing analgesic intervention that blocks the articular branches of the tibial, common peroneal and obturator nerves in the popliteal region. It provides pain relief to the posterior aspect of the knee after total knee arthroplasty. This chapter discusses the indications, functional anatomy, injection techniques and ...Introduction. Motor-sparing anterior knee analgesia as part of a multimodal protocol for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is popular and preferred because it enhances patient recovery and satisfaction and reduces the length of hospital stay [1,2].Adductor canal block (ACB) is an essential component of motor-sparing anterior knee analgesia, …Phone: 913-327-5999 Address: P.O. Box 7228 Overland Park, KS 66207Advances in regional anesthesia techniques for knee surgery have led to drastic improvements in postoperative pain control and have reduced reliance on perioperative opioid analgesics. The infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) block has been a useful tool for providing posterior knee analgesia as an adjuvant to traditional femoral or adductor canal blocks in ...Apr 26, 2024 · The AHA Coding Clinic for HCPCS includes: The official publication for Level I HCPCS (CPT-4 codes) for hospital providers. Also specific Level II HCPCS codes for hospitals, physicians and other health professionals. Current newsletters added each quarter. Full Archives back to 2001. Fully searchable through Find-A-Code's Comprehensive Search. Specific coding or payment-related issues should be directed to the payer. For information about this FAQ/Pearl, or to provide feedback, please contact David A. McKenzie, ACEP Reimbursement Director, at (469) 499-0133 or [email protected] . Nerve Blocks (Digital, Dental, Peripheral, etc.) FAQ. Waterproofing a block foundation wall is critical to keeping the underside of a home as dry as possible and preventing the growth of mold and mildew. Expert Advice On Improving You...The IPACK block is postulated to provide posterior knee analgesia through blockade of terminal branches innervating the posterior knee capsule, while sparing the tibial and peroneal nerves. The risk of neural and vascular injury exists during the IPACK block due to the presence of the popliteal vessels and tibial and peroneal nerves near the ...For CPT code 64455: G57.60 – Lesion of plantar nerve, unspecified lower limb – Lesion of plantar nerve, bilateral lower limbs; G57.63 – (ICD-10 codes G57.60 – G57.63 should be used for Morton’s metatarsalgia, neuralgia, or neuroma) In the ever-evolving billing and coding scenario, billing and coding for peripheral nerve blocks can …l artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) block is a promising emerging analgesic technique. Objective: To describe analgesic control, opioid consumption, and mobility of patients scheduled for TKA using IPACK block as adjunct analgesic to the femoral block. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study over a 6-month period …Feb 8, 2012. #4. In 2001, the AMA published an article about unlisted procedures, they state that a code "close" to the service provided is not reported when it is identified that the service falls under an unlisted procedure code. It is published and known since 2007 that ganglion impar block is 64999 Unlisted procedure, Nervous System.Ultrasound-guided iPACK block mainly targets the terminal branches of the popliteal nerve plexus, which directly supply the posterior capsule of the knee. 25 In 2 different studies, Kampitak et al 2,25 discussed the optimal location of the motor-sparing effect of iPACK block and its related complications. In this study, we performed the ….
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